Menopause and Perimenopause: Understanding Musculoskeletal Pain and Other Symptoms

June 11, 2024

As physical therapists, we often encounter patients experiencing musculoskeletal pain. While there are many potential causes for this type of discomfort, one less commonly considered source is menopause or perimenopause. Understanding the connection between hormonal changes and musculoskeletal pain is crucial for effective treatment and management. At New Life Physical Therapy, we are committed to providing comprehensive care that includes screening for menopause and perimenopause as potential sources of symptoms.

The Link Between Menopause/Perimenopause and Musculoskeletal Pain

Menopause, the time when menstrual cycles permanently cease, and perimenopause, the transition period leading up to menopause, bring about significant hormonal changes in a woman’s body. On average menopause can begin between the ages of 45-50, and perimenopause can start up to 8-10 years prior (please note: this can vary widely and is based on a variety of other factors).

The decline in estrogen levels during these phases can have various impacts, including on the musculoskeletal system. Estrogen is known to have an anti-inflammatory effect and helps maintain the health of joints and bones. A reduction in estrogen can lead to:

Joint Pain: Many women report increased joint pain and stiffness during perimenopause and menopause. This is particularly common in the knees, hips, and hands.
Muscle Pain and Weakness: Muscle aches and a general feeling of muscle weakness can also be attributed to hormonal changes.
Osteoarthritis: The risk of developing osteoarthritis increases with menopause due to the decline in protective estrogen levels.
Tendinitis: Decreased estrogen may lead to tendon inflammation, causing pain and discomfort.

Other Symptoms to Watch For

While musculoskeletal pain is a significant symptom, menopause and perimenopause can bring about a range of other symptoms that are important to recognize. These include:

Hot Flashes and Night Sweats: Sudden feelings of heat and excessive sweating, particularly at night, are common.
Sleep Disturbances: Insomnia or disrupted sleep patterns can be a result of hormonal changes.
Mood Changes: Anxiety, depression, and mood swings can accompany the hormonal fluctuations.
Vaginal Dryness and Discomfort: Decreased estrogen can lead to vaginal dryness, itching, and discomfort during intercourse.
Irregular Periods: During perimenopause, menstrual cycles can become irregular before they stop completely.
Cognitive Changes: Some women experience memory lapses or difficulty concentrating.

When to Consult a Physician

Experiencing sudden drops in estrogen has been foundIt’s essential to consult a physician if you experience any of the following:

Impact on Daily Life: When symptoms significantly impact your daily activities or quality of life.
Concerns About Osteoporosis: If you have risk factors for osteoporosis, such as a family history or early menopause, it’s crucial to discuss preventive measures with your doctor.
Unusual Symptoms: Any unusual or concerning symptoms that don’t seem typical for menopause or perimenopause.
Unexplained Musculoskeletal Pain: If musculoskeletal pain comes on without a specific injury or identified cause, women between the ages of 35-50 should consider if perimenopause may be a contributing factor and discuss this with their OBGYN or physician.

Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health Risks

It’s important to understand that the drop in estrogen during menopause is also correlated with higher instances of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Estrogen has a protective effect on the heart and blood vessels. As estrogen levels fall, women may experience:

Increased Risk of Heart Disease: Estrogen helps control cholesterol levels and maintains healthy blood vessels. Reduced estrogen can lead to increased cholesterol, fat accumulation in arteries, and higher risk of coronary heart disease and stroke.
Metabolic Syndrome: The decline in estrogen is associated with weight gain, particularly around the abdomen, which can lead to metabolic syndrome—a cluster of conditions that increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes.
Diabetes: Hormonal changes during menopause can affect insulin sensitivity, increasing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

The Role of Physical Therapy

At New Life Physical Therapy, we screen for menopause and perimenopause as potential sources of musculoskeletal pain. Our approach includes:

Comprehensive Assessments: We evaluate your symptoms and medical history to identify any possible links to hormonal changes.
Customized Treatment Plans: Our treatment plans are tailored to address the specific needs of women going through menopause or perimenopause, focusing on pain relief, strength building, and improving joint function.
Education and Support: We provide education on lifestyle changes, such as exercise and nutrition, that can help manage symptoms and improve overall well-being.

If you’re experiencing musculoskeletal pain and are needing help with an individualized assessment to determine what may be the root cause, we are here to help you navigate these changes and maintain your quality of life through effective, holistic care.

Contact Us: New Life Physical Therapy 608.742.9356 or at scheduling@newlifept.com

By raising awareness about the connection between menopause, perimenopause, and musculoskeletal pain, we hope to empower women to seek the appropriate care and support they need during this transitional phase of life